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Margaret Thatcher Fast Facts

December 26, 2012

(CNN) โ€” Hereโ€™s a look at the life of Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1979 to 1990.

Personal:
Birth date: October 13, 1925

Death date: April 8, 2013

Birth place: Grantham, Lincolnshire, England

Birth name: Margaret Hilda Roberts

Father: Alfred Roberts, grocer

Mother: Beatrice Ethel (Stephenson) Roberts, grocer

Marriage: Sir Denis Thatcher (December 13, 1951- June 26, 2003, his death)

Children: Mark and Carol (twins), August 15, 1953

Education: Somerville College at Oxford College, Chemistry, 1943-1947. Passed the bar, 1953

Other Facts:
The first female prime minister of Great Britain.

Called the Iron Lady, for personal and political toughness.

Only British prime minister of the 20th century to win three consecutive terms. (Former Prime Minister Tony Blairโ€™s first of three terms began in the 20th, but ended in the 21st.)

During her time as prime minister, she emphasized the rights of the individual versus that of the state, moral absolutism and nationalism.

In her first term, Thatcher reduced or eliminated many government subsidies to business, a move that lead to a sharp rise in unemployment. By 1986, unemployment had reached 3 million.

Enjoyed a close friendship and working relationship with President Ronald Reagan, with whom she shared similar conservative views.

Timeline:
1950 - Runs unsuccessfully for Parliament.

1959 - Wins a seat in the House of Commons by winning the Conservative seat in Finchley, in north London.

1961-1964 - Serves as a parliamentary secretary in the Ministry of Pensions and National Insurance.

1969-1970 - Serves as chief opposition spokesperson on education.

1970-1974 - Secretary of State for education and science in the Conservative government of Edward Heath.

1975 - Is elected leader of the Conservative Party.

1976 - In a speech, she lashes out against Communism. This causes the Soviet press to nickname her the โ€œIron Lady.โ€

May 4, 1979 - Becomes prime minister after leading the Conservatives to electoral victory.

April 2, 1982 - Argentina invades the Falkland Islands. Thatcher immediately authorizes forces to recapture the Falklands. After a few months of fighting, Argentine troops surrender on June 14, 1982.

June 9, 1983 - Wins re-election in a landslide and gains a parliamentary majority with just over 42% of the vote.

1984 - Escapes an IRA terrorist bombing in Brighton at the annual Conservative Party conference.

June 11, 1987 - The Conservative Party wins its third general election.

1989 - Thatcher introduces the poll tax, a charge levied on community residents rather than property. The unpopular tax leads to rioting in the streets, and Thatcherโ€™s ouster by Conservative Party politicians worried that the tax and Thatcherโ€™s unpopularity would bring down the party.

November 1990 - Is forced to resign as prime minister after a leadership struggle within her own party.

March 7, 1991 - Receives the US Medal of Freedom from President George Bush.

June 5, 1992 - Is named a life peer on the Queenโ€™s honor list. Thatcherโ€™s title is Baroness.

June 30, 1992 - Swearing-in ceremony at the House of Lords, where Thatcher formally becomes the Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven.

July 1, 1993-June 30, 2000 - Is chancellor of the College of William and Mary, in Williamsburg, Virginia.

February 4, 1994 - Formal investiture as chancellor of the College of William and Mary.

1995 - Her autobiography, โ€œThe Path to Power,โ€ is published.

March 22, 2002 - Retires from public life after suffering a series of small strokes.

June 11, 2004 - Attends Ronald Reaganโ€™s funeral services.

August 25, 2004 - South African police arrest Thatcherโ€™s son, Mark, on allegations he was involved in a plot to overthrow the government of Equatorial Guinea.

January 13, 2005 - Mark pleads guilty to unwittingly helping bankroll the coup plot. In exchange, he receives a fine, a suspended jail sentence and the right to join his family in the United States.

September 2005 - The Margaret Thatcher Center for Freedom is established.

August 2008 - Daughter Carol confirms Thatcher is suffering from dementia, first noticed in 2000.

December 30, 2009 - The British National Archives releases the 1979 state papers from Thatcherโ€™s early months as prime minister.

April 8, 2013 - Dies after suffering a stroke.

The-CNN-Wire
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