Damascus faces demands for accountability after civilian killings

DAMASCUS (Reuters) -Syria's Islamist-led government on Monday said it had completed a military operation against a nascent insurgency by Bashar al-Assad loyalists, as it faced Western demands for accountability over the reported killing of hundreds of civilians.

The violence in Syria's coastal region marks the biggest test for interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa since he seized power in December, with hundreds of civilians reported by a war monitor to have been killed in Alawite villages as government forces sought to crush the insurrection by members of Assad's minority Alawite sect.

Sharaa, an al Qaeda leader before cutting ties to the group in 2016, has accused remnants of Assad's rule of seeking to drag Syria back into civil war. He has also announced the establishment of a fact-finding committee into the violence and vowed to hold to account those involved in civilian bloodshed.

In a Reuters interview, Sharaa said mass killings of Alawites were a threat to his mission to unite Syria, and promised to punish those responsible, including his own allies if necessary.

The violence has shaken his grip as his administration grapples with myriad challenges, notably getting U.S. sanctions lifted and winning international backing for his efforts to stitch Syria back together after 14 years of conflict.

Germany said reports of the killing of civilians and prisoners were shocking, a day after U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio condemned "the radical Islamist terrorists, including foreign jihadis, that murdered people in western Syria".

A spokesperson for the German foreign ministry said the transitional government had a responsibility to prevent further attacks, to investigate the incidents and to hold those responsible to account.

The Syrian defence ministry arrested two people on Monday after a video showed them "committing violations against civilians unlawfully and in a bloody manner" in one of the coastal villages, Syrian state news agency Sana reported.

The two men, whose affiliations were not clear, were referred to a military court, according to Sana.

Their detention was the first to be made public by the government since it announced the completion of its military operation to restore security.

SECTARIAN REPRISALS

Violence spiralled on Thursday, when the authorities said their forces in the coastal region faced a well-organised attack by fighters aligned with the ousted Assad government.

As government reinforcements deployed, mosques in regions loyal to the new administration began calling on people to wage jihad, or holy struggle, in support of security forces.

By Friday afternoon, reports began emerging that scores of civilians had been killed in sectarian reprisals in Alawite towns and villages.

As of Sunday evening, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a British-based organisation that reports on the conflict, said 973 civilians were killed in reprisal attacks carried out by government forces or fighters aligned with them.

More than 250 Alawite fighters were killed and more than 230 members of government security forces were also killed, it said.

Reuters has not been able to independently verify the tolls.

ISRAEL URGES PROTECTION FOR MINORITIES

Declaring an end to the government's military operation, defence ministry spokesperson Hassan Abdul Ghany said government forces "were able to neutralize" remnants of Assad's rule in seven locations and that security forces would cooperate with the investigation.

"We are paving the way for life to return to normal and for the consolidation of security and stability," he said in statements published by state media.

Plans were in place to eliminate any future threats, he said.

Israeli Foreign Minister Gideon Sa’ar said the violence showed that Syria's new rulers "remained jihadists, even if some of their leaders have put on suits". "It must draw conclusions from what has happened and explore ways to protect minorities in Syria," he told a political party meeting.

Reuters reported last month that Israel has been lobbying the United States to keep Syria weak and decentralised, including by letting Russia keep its military bases there to counter Turkey's growing influence in the country.

The U.N. Security Council met behind closed doors on Monday, at the request of Russia and the United States, to discuss the escalating violence in Syria.

Russia, which backed Assad militarily during the civil war and still has two military bases in Syria, had reached out to the U.S. to jointly ask for the meeting, Russia's U.N. Ambassador Vassily Nebenzia said.

(Reporting by Jana Choukeir in Dubai; Alexander Cornwell in Jerusalem; Riham Alkoussa in Berlin; Maxim Rodionov in Moscow; Michelle Nichols at the United Nations; Menna Alaa El-Din in Cairo; Writing by Angus McDowall and Tom Perry; Editing by Toby Chopra, Alex Richardson, Christina Fincher and Alison Williams)